BIOLOGY

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INTRODUCTION OF BIOLOGY

Biology is the science that deals with the sudy of living organism.The term biology is derived
from the combination of two Greek words-Bio that mean life and logos means knowledge.

First scientific study of living organisms was undertaken by a Greek naturalist.
Arestotale(384-322BC) so he is considered as the father of biology.
other who also has major contribution in the development of Biology.Robert hook(1635-1703) Carolous linnaeous(1707-1778).charles Darwin(1809-1882)etc and many other scientists and naturalists.The science of plants is called Botany which also has been determined from the combination of two Greek words i.e botane which means pasture or plants and logos means dicourse or study. Theophrastus(370-287BC)was first to undertake scientific study on plants. Hence he is known as the father of botany.

Now days biology has been studied from different aspects and the term"Biology"is replced by the term "life science"or biological science due to its multidisciplintary approach.

scope of biology
Biology is very vast and complex subject and the scope of biologyis very wide.It has made people aware of its importance; as it helps to understand the stracture and functioning of livingorganism.some of the scope to study biology are_

1 Biological curiosity
2 utilization of natural resources
3 warning of environmental effect/solution
4 carrer and occupation
5 prediction of natural problems

Branches of biology

Biology is the study of living organisms that include plants, animals and mico-organism. Hence

basically it has three main branches.:

1 Botany(phytlogy):-It is the branchof biologythat deals with the study of plants.

2 Zoology:-It is the branch of biology that deals with the study of animals.

3 Microbiology:-Branch of biology that deals with the study of micro- organisms.

But biology is sucha large, complex and vast subject that it is divided into many smaller branches on the basis of two main criteria .

Branches of biology on the basis of studies of different aspects of living organism

1 Taxonomy:The branches of biology that deals with the identification,nomenclature and classification of the living organism.

2 Morphology :It deals with the study of external stracture and form of the living organisms.

3 Anatomy :It deals with the study of gross internal stracture of the living organism with naked eyes.

4Histology : It deals with the minute stracture of of the tissue with the help of microscopes.

5Cytology :It deals with the study of the form and detailed stracture of individual cells .

6 Physiology :. IT deals with the functioning of the organisms.

7 Embryology : It deals with the study of changes or events leading to fertilization and development of embryo.

8 Ecology : It deals with the study of living organism in relation to their environment .

9 Genetics : It deals with the study of heredity and variation in living organisms.

10 Palentology : It deals with the study of life as it exists in the past , based b on the fossil remais of prehistoric organism.